Smart Range Protocol

Smart Range is a decentralized yield protocol built on BSC that offers users predictable returns through time-locked deposits with integrated PancakeSwap V3 liquidity management. The protocol features a 15-level commission system that rewards network builders with time-locked commissions.

Time-Locked Commission Mechanism

When someone in your network creates a position, you receive a commission that is locked for the same duration as their position. The commission unlocks 100% when the lock period ends, not gradually.

• Level 1: 20% of yield (unlocks after position lock period)
• Level 2: 10% of yield (unlocks after position lock period)
• Levels 3-15: 5% each of yield (unlocks after position lock period)

Commission Unlock Example

Your referral creates a 5-day position:
- Deposit: $1,000 USDT
- Yield: $30 (3%)
- Your commission (20%): $6

Day 0: Position created, your $6 commission = RESERVED (locked)
Days 1-4: Commission remains RESERVED (locked)
Day 5: Commission unlocks -> $6 now PENDING (claimable)

You can claim anytime after Day 5.

Prerequisites Checklist

• Web3 wallet (MetaMask, Trust Wallet, or Token Pocket)
• USDT tokens on BSC network
• Small amount of BNB for gas fees on BSC
• Referral link from an existing user
• Gitcoin Passport (required after $50 total commissions)

Manual Network Settings

If you need to add BNB Smart Chain manually, use these official settings:

Network Name: BNB Smart Chain
RPC URL: https://bsc-dataseed.binance.org/
Chain ID: 56
Currency Symbol: BNB
Block Explorer: https://bscscan.com

Common Phishing Attacks

• Seed phrase backed up in at least 2 physical locations
• Strong, unique password for wallet (not reused elsewhere)
• Browser extension from official source only
• Official website bookmarked (never click links in messages)
• Auto-lock enabled on wallet
• No browser extensions from unknown sources
• Device has updated antivirus software
• Two-factor authentication on exchange accounts

Hardware Wallet

For significant holdings, consider a hardware wallet like Ledger or Trezor. Hardware wallets keep your private keys offline, making them immune to computer malware.

• Ledger Nano S/X: Most popular, supports BSC via MetaMask
• Trezor Model T: Open source, touchscreen interface
• GridPlus Lattice1: Premium option with large screen

Separate Wallets Strategy

Use different wallets for different purposes to limit exposure:

• Hot wallet: Small amounts for daily DeFi interactions
• Cold storage: Majority of holdings in hardware wallet
• Test wallet: For trying new protocols with minimal funds

Option 1: Credit/Debit Card (Fastest)

Option 2: Bank Transfer (Lower Fees)

If You Already Have Other Crypto

Direct BSC Withdrawal

Many exchanges now support direct withdrawals to BSC, which is faster and cheaper than withdrawing to other networks and bridging.

Before Confirming Withdrawal

• Network is set to BNB Smart Chain (BEP20) (not Ethereum, Arbitrum, etc.)
• Address starts with "0x" and is 42 characters
• First 4 and last 4 characters of address match your wallet
• Token is USDT (not USDC, BUSD, or other stablecoins)
• You have noted the network fee

Check on BscScan

After the transfer completes, you can verify it on BscScan:

1. Go to bscscan.com
2. Paste your wallet address in the search bar
3. Click on "Token Transfers (BEP-20)"
4. You should see the USDT transfer from Binance

USDT Not Showing in Wallet

If your USDT doesn't appear after transfer:

• Check network: Make sure your wallet is connected to BNB Smart Chain
• Add token: Manually add USDT token if not auto-detected
• Wait longer: Some transfers take up to 30 minutes during congestion
• Verify on BscScan: Check if transfer shows on block explorer

USDT on BSC:
Contract: 0x55d398326f99059fF775485246999027B3197955
Symbol: USDT
Decimals: 18

Withdraw BNB on BSC Network

Most major exchanges support direct BNB withdrawals to BSC:

Using Cross-Chain Bridges

If you already have funds on other networks, you can bridge to BSC:

1. Go to a bridge like cbridge.celer.network
2. Connect your wallet
3. Select source network and BNB Smart Chain as destination
4. Select the asset to bridge and enter amount
5. Confirm the transaction

Using a DEX (If You Already Have USDT)

If you already have USDT on BSC but no BNB for gas, some wallets offer "gas tank" features, or you can ask a friend to send you a small amount of BNB.

Once you have minimal BNB, you can swap USDT for more BNB on:

• PancakeSwap: pancakeswap.finance
• 1inch: app.1inch.io
• DODO: app.dodoex.io

Typical BSC Transaction Costs

Costs are estimates based on typical network conditions. Actual costs may vary.

What to Look For

• Verified merchant: Look for verification badges
• High completion rate: 95%+ is ideal
• Many trades: 100+ completed trades shows experience
• Recent activity: Active in the last 24 hours
• Positive feedback: Read recent reviews
• Reasonable rate: Avoid suspiciously good rates
• Clear terms: Read payment instructions carefully

If a trade goes wrong, platforms offer dispute resolution:

1. First, try to resolve with the seller through platform chat
2. If unresolved, open a dispute/appeal before the time limit expires
3. Provide all evidence: screenshots, payment proofs, chat logs
4. Platform support will review and make a decision
5. Escrow funds are released to the winning party

Sell on Binance, Coinbase, or Kraken

The most straightforward method is to transfer USDT to an exchange and withdraw to your bank account.

Sell Directly to Other Users

P2P platforms allow you to sell USDT directly to buyers and receive payment in your preferred method.

Spend USDT Directly

Crypto debit cards allow you to spend your USDT directly at any merchant that accepts Visa or Mastercard, converting to fiat at the point of sale.

Important Tax Information

Converting cryptocurrency to fiat may trigger taxable events in your jurisdiction. Consider:

• Capital gains: Profit from selling crypto may be subject to capital gains tax
• Income tax: Yield and commission earnings may be considered income
• Record keeping: Keep records of all transactions for tax reporting
• Consult professional: Tax laws vary by country - consult a tax professional

Yield Calculation

Yield Amount = Principal × Yield Rate

Examples:
$1,000 × 0.4% (1 day)   = $4 yield     → Total: $1,004
$1,000 × 3.0% (5 days)  = $30 yield    → Total: $1,030
$1,000 × 8.0% (10 days) = $80 yield    → Total: $1,080
$1,000 × 20% (20 days)  = $200 yield   → Total: $1,200

Manual Compounding

Yield does not automatically compound, but you can manually compound by reinvesting matured positions:

Smart Contract Yield Rates

// Yield rates in basis points (1 bp = 0.01%)
ONE_DAY_YIELD_RATE = 40       // 0.4%
FIVE_DAYS_YIELD_RATE = 300    // 3.0%
TEN_DAYS_YIELD_RATE = 800     // 8.0%
TWENTY_DAYS_YIELD_RATE = 2000 // 20.0%

RATE_DENOMINATOR = 10000      // 100%

yield = (principal * yieldRate) / RATE_DENOMINATOR

Position Lifecycle

Staggered Maturity Approach

Create multiple positions with different lock periods or start dates to have regular access to funds:

Example: $10,000 split into staggered 5-day positions

Day 1:  Create Position A - $2,500 (5-day lock)
Day 2:  Create Position B - $2,500 (5-day lock)
Day 3:  Create Position C - $2,500 (5-day lock)
Day 4:  Create Position D - $2,500 (5-day lock)

Result: Starting Day 6, one position matures daily
        Continuous access to ~$2,500 every day

How Your Deposit Affects Your Uplines

When you create a position, your yield generates commissions for your upline chain (up to 15 levels). Commissions are locked for the same duration as your position:

What Each Position Stores

• Contract ID: Unique identifier for the position
• Principal: Original deposit amount
• Yield Amount: Pre-calculated yield (fixed)
• Lock Period: Selected duration (1/5/10/20 days)
• Deposit Time: When position was created
• Maturity Time: When withdrawal becomes available
• Depositor: Your wallet address

15-Level Network Structure

The commission system operates on a 15-level depth structure where you earn a percentage of the yield from positions created by anyone in your network:

Lock Period-Based Unlock

When someone in your network creates a position, your commission is calculated immediately but remains locked until the position's lock period completes. The entire commission unlocks at once on the unlock day.

How Lock Periods Affect Commission Unlock

Level 1 Referral Creates 5-Day Position

Commission Unlock Timeline:

Day 0 (Position Created):
  Commission Amount: $6.00
  Status: RESERVED (Locked)

Days 1-4:
  Status: RESERVED (Locked)
  Cannot claim - still within lock period

Day 5 (Unlock Day):
  Commission Amount: $6.00
  Status: PENDING (Unlocked)
  Full amount now claimable!

After Day 5:
  Claim anytime (Gitcoin Passport required after $50 total)

Mixed Lock Period Commissions

When your network members create positions with different lock periods, each commission unlocks independently based on its own lock period:

Network Activity Example (all on Day 0):

Position A: $1,000 x 1-day  -> $0.80 commission (20% of $4)
Position B: $1,000 x 5-day  -> $6.00 commission (20% of $30)
Position C: $1,000 x 10-day -> $16.00 commission (20% of $80)
Position D: $1,000 x 20-day -> $40.00 commission (20% of $200)

Unlock Schedule:
Day 1:  Position A unlocks  -> $0.80 pending
Day 5:  Position B unlocks  -> $6.00 pending (total: $6.80)
Day 10: Position C unlocks  -> $16.00 pending (total: $22.80)
Day 20: Position D unlocks  -> $40.00 pending (total: $62.80)

Smart Contract Implementation

// Commission rates in basis points
LEVEL_1_RATE = 2000    // 20%
LEVEL_2_RATE = 1000    // 10%
LEVELS_3_15_RATE = 500 // 5% each

// Commission unlock calculation
unlockDay = streamDay + lockDays

// Claimable check (from contract)
if (currentDay < unlockDay) return 0;  // Still locked
if (lastClaimedDay >= unlockDay) return 0;  // Already claimed
return amountTotal;  // Full amount unlocked

// Total commission potential per position
Maximum = 20% + 10% + (13 x 5%) = 80% of yield

Commission rates are applied to the yield generated by each position, not the principal:

Commission = Position Yield × Commission Rate

Example - Level 1 (10-day position):
Deposit: $1,000
Yield: $1,000 × 8% = $80
Your Commission: $80 × 20% = $16
Unlocks: 100% on day 10

Example - Level 2 (10-day position):
Deposit: $1,000
Yield: $1,000 × 8% = $80
Your Commission: $80 × 10% = $8
Unlocks: 100% on day 10

Example - Levels 3-15 (10-day position):
Deposit: $1,000
Yield: $1,000 × 8% = $80
Your Commission: $80 × 5% = $4
Unlocks: 100% on day 10

Network with 10-Day Positions

Building a network where everyone creates 10-day positions (8% yield):

Commission Comparison

How lock period choice affects your commission earnings from a $1,000 Level 1 deposit:

Pre-Registration Checklist

• Wallet connected to BNB Smart Chain network
• USDT balance on BSC (minimum 0.001 USDT)
• BNB balance for gas fees (minimum 0.005 BNB)
• Valid referral link from existing user

Smart Contract Actions

When you call joinSmartRange(), the contract performs these operations:

1. Validation: Verifies referrer is registered, amount is valid, nonce is unique
2. Token Transfer: Moves USDT from your wallet to the contract
3. Account Creation: Creates your user account with referrer link
4. Upline Building: Constructs your 15-level upline chain from referrer's chain
5. Position Creation: Creates deposit contract with calculated yield and maturity
6. Commission Distribution: Creates commissions locked for the lock period for all 15 upline levels
7. Liquidity Addition: Adds your deposit to PancakeSwap V3 pool

Sharing Your Link

After registration, you can find your unique referral link in the dashboard. Share this link to invite others and earn commissions.

Your referral link format:
https://smartrange.xyz?ref=YOUR_WALLET_ADDRESS

Example:
https://smartrange.xyz?ref=0x742d35Cc6634C0532925a3b844Bc9e7595f12345

Anyone who registers through your link becomes your Level 1 direct referral. You earn 20% commission on their yield.

How Yield is Calculated

Yield Amount = Principal × Yield Rate

Examples:
1,000 USDT × 0.4% (1 day)   = 4 USDT yield
1,000 USDT × 3.0% (5 days)  = 30 USDT yield
1,000 USDT × 8.0% (10 days) = 80 USDT yield
1,000 USDT × 20% (20 days)  = 200 USDT yield

The yield is calculated and locked at the moment of deposit. It does not change regardless of network activity or other factors.

What Happens in Your Network

When you create a new position, commissions are created for all your uplines:

• Level 1 (your referrer): Receives 20% of your yield as commission
• Level 2: Receives 10% of your yield as commission
• Levels 3-15: Each receives 5% of your yield as commission

Commissions are locked for the same duration as your position. For example, a 5-day position creates commissions that unlock 100% on day 5.

Dashboard View

Your dashboard shows all active positions with:

• Principal amount deposited
• Lock period (1, 5, 10, or 20 days)
• Yield amount (pre-calculated)
• Deposit date and time
• Maturity date and countdown
• Status (Active / Matured)

Matured positions show a "Withdraw" button. Active positions show time remaining until maturity.

When Can I Withdraw?

A position matures exactly after the lock period from the deposit timestamp:

Maturity Time = Deposit Time + Lock Period

Example:
Deposit: January 1, 2025 at 14:30 UTC
Lock Period: 5 days
Maturity: January 6, 2025 at 14:30 UTC

After this time, you can withdraw.

Smart Contract Operations

When you call closeRange(), the contract:

1. Validates: Confirms position exists and has matured
2. Calculates Total: Principal + pre-calculated yield
3. Checks Liquidity: Verifies contract has sufficient USDT
4. Removes from PancakeSwap: Withdraws needed liquidity from V3 pool if required
5. Transfers USDT: Sends full amount to your wallet
6. Updates State: Removes position from your contracts array
7. Emits Event: Records withdrawal on-chain for indexing

10-Day Position Withdrawal

What to Do With Proceeds

• Reinvest: Create a new position to compound your earnings
• Hold: Keep USDT in your wallet for future opportunities
• Withdraw: Transfer to exchange and convert to fiat
• Diversify: Split between reinvestment and taking profits

How Commission Unlock Works

When someone in your network creates a position, your commission is calculated immediately but remains locked until their position's lock period completes:

Example: Level 1 commission from a 5-day position

Your referral deposits: 1,000 USDT (5-day lock)
Their yield: 30 USDT (3%)
Your commission (20%): 6 USDT

Unlock Timeline:
Day 0 (position created): $6.00 RESERVED (locked)
Days 1-4:                  $6.00 RESERVED (still locked)
Day 5 (unlock day):        $6.00 PENDING (100% unlocked!)

After Day 5: Claim anytime (Gitcoin Passport required after $50 total)

15-Level Commission Structure

When Commissions Unlock

Each commission's unlock timing depends on the lock period of the underlying position:

Viewing Detailed Breakdown

Your dashboard shows commission breakdown by level and by lock period:

• By Level: See which levels generate the most commissions
• By Lock Period: See reserved vs pending for 1-day, 5-day, 10-day, 20-day positions
• Total Pending: Sum of all unlocked commissions ready to claim
• Total Reserved: Sum of all locked commissions awaiting unlock

Example: Why Your Commissions May Still Be Locked

Scenario: Your referral created a 5-day position on Monday

Monday (Day 0):    Position created, commission = RESERVED
Tuesday (Day 1):   Commission still RESERVED
Wednesday (Day 2): Commission still RESERVED
Thursday (Day 3):  Commission still RESERVED
Friday (Day 4):    Commission still RESERVED
Saturday (Day 5):  Commission now PENDING - can claim!

If you try to claim on Thursday, you'll see $0 pending
because the 5-day lock period hasn't ended yet.

Preventing Abuse

Without identity verification, bad actors could:

• Create hundreds of fake accounts to self-refer
• Simulate artificial referral networks
• Extract commissions fraudulently
• Undermine the sustainability of the protocol

Gitcoin Passport ensures each participant is a unique human, maintaining network integrity for legitimate users.

Verification Requirements

Gitcoin Passport verification is only required after you accumulate $50 or more in total commissions (claimed + pending). The system uses a simple two-tier approach:

What Happens When You Claim

1. Check Commissions: System calculates your total accumulated commissions
2. Determine Tier: Maps your commission amount to the required tier
3. Query Passport: Fetches your Gitcoin Passport score via API
4. Filter Duplicates: Removes any stamps flagged as duplicates
5. Compare Scores: Checks if your real score meets the tier requirement
6. Allow or Block: If score sufficient, claim proceeds; otherwise, returns error

Small Commissions - Alex

Above Threshold - Maria

Verification Cooldown

To prevent API abuse, Smart Range implements a 15-minute cooldown between Passport verification checks. If your claim fails due to insufficient score:

• Add more stamps on Gitcoin Passport
• Wait 15 minutes
• Try claiming again

Smart Range Subgraph

Explore and query Smart Range data directly on The Graph:

View Subgraph on The Graph Explorer

Access real-time on-chain data, query historical events, and verify all protocol activity on BSC.

User Entity

• id: Wallet address (lowercase)
• walletAddress: Original wallet address
• referrer: Direct referrer (User entity)
• registeredAt: Registration timestamp
• totalDeposited: Sum of all deposit principals
• totalYieldEarned: Sum of all withdrawn yields
• totalCommissionsEarned: Sum of all claimed commissions
• directReferrals: Count of direct referrals
• transactions: Array of all transactions
• contracts: Array of all deposit contracts
• networkStats: Network statistics entity

Contract Entity

• id: Unique contract identifier
• contractId: On-chain contract ID
• user: User who created this contract
• principal: Deposit amount (USDT)
• yieldAmount: Pre-calculated yield
• lockPeriod: ONE_DAY | FIVE_DAYS | TEN_DAYS | TWENTY_DAYS
• depositTime: Creation timestamp
• maturityTime: When withdrawal becomes available
• withdrawn: Boolean - whether contract has been withdrawn
• withdrawnAt: Withdrawal timestamp (if withdrawn)
• depositTransaction: Transaction that created this contract
• withdrawTransaction: Transaction that withdrew this contract

Transaction Entity

• id: Unique transaction identifier
• txHash: Blockchain transaction hash
• user: User who initiated the transaction
• type: REGISTER | DEPOSIT | WITHDRAW_CONTRACT | CLAIM_COMMISSION
• amount: Transaction amount (null for REGISTER)
• contract: Related contract (for DEPOSIT/WITHDRAW_CONTRACT)
• status: CONFIRMED
• blockNumber: Block number
• blockTimestamp: Block timestamp

NetworkPath Entity

• id: Unique path identifier
• ancestor: Upline wallet address
• descendant: Downline wallet address
• depthLevel: Level in network (1-15)
• createdAt: Creation timestamp
• descendantUser: Descendant User entity

UserNetworkStats Entity

• id: User address
• user: User entity
• totalNetwork: Total users in 15-level network
• referralsByLevel: Array of referral counts per level [1-15]
• totalDepositedByLevel: Array of deposit sums per level [1-15]
• lastUpdated: Last update timestamp

Get User Data

query GetUser($address: String!) {
  user(id: $address) {
    id
    walletAddress
    referrer { id walletAddress }
    totalDeposited
    totalYieldEarned
    totalCommissionsEarned
    directReferrals
    registeredAt
    contracts(orderBy: depositTime, orderDirection: desc) {
      contractId
      principal
      yieldAmount
      lockPeriod
      depositTime
      maturityTime
      withdrawn
      withdrawnAt
    }
  }
}

Get Network Statistics

query GetNetworkStats($address: String!) {
  userNetworkStats(id: $address) {
    totalNetwork
    referralsByLevel
    totalDepositedByLevel
    lastUpdated
  }
}

Get User Transactions

query GetTransactions($address: String!) {
  transactions(
    where: { user: $address }
    orderBy: blockTimestamp
    orderDirection: desc
  ) {
    id
    txHash
    type
    amount
    status
    blockTimestamp
    contract {
      contractId
      principal
      yieldAmount
    }
  }
}

Verified Contract on BscScan

Source code is publicly verified on BscScan. Anyone can read, audit, and verify the implementation:

View Contract on BscScan

Contract address will be updated upon mainnet deployment.

Liquidity Management

Deposits are managed through PancakeSwap V3 concentrated liquidity positions:

• Non-Fungible Position Manager: Official PancakeSwap V3 contract
• USDT/BNB Pool: Deep liquidity pool on BSC
• Concentrated Range: Optimized tick range for capital efficiency
• Automatic Management: Protocol handles position creation/removal

On Deposit:
1. User deposits USDT
2. Contract mints PancakeSwap V3 position
3. Position tracked with lock period

On Withdrawal:
1. Contract removes liquidity
2. USDT + yield returned to user
3. Position marked as withdrawn

BSC Network Risk

Risk: Issues with BSC network or validator downtime

Mitigation: BSC is backed by BNB Chain security. In case of validator issues, funds remain safe and accessible once validator recovers. BSC has proven reliability with billions in TVL.

USDT Stablecoin Risk

Risk: USDT depeg or Tether issuer problems

Mitigation: USDT is issued by Tether, a regulated entity with 1:1 USD reserves audited by major accounting firms. Native USDT on BSC is officially supported.

Smart Contract Risk

Risk: Bugs or vulnerabilities in contract code

Mitigation: Uses battle-tested OpenZeppelin libraries, verified source code, and follows established security patterns. However, smart contract risk always exists in DeFi.

PancakeSwap V3 Risk

Risk: Impermanent loss or pool manipulation

Mitigation: Fixed yield model means users receive guaranteed returns regardless of pool performance. The protocol absorbs any impermanent loss risk.